How to Take the Ferry Between Tarifa, Spain and Tangier 2024 ✅✅

If you’re planning a trip to southern Spain and looking for something unique to add to your itinerary, a few days or even a day trip to Tangier is a wonderful choice. 

The Tarifa to Tangier ferry has made visiting the northernmost part of Africa incredibly easy for just about any traveler. With a short ferry ride and one passport stamp later, you can land in northern Morocco. 

Find yourself discovering the seductively chaotic maze of Tangier’s medina or drinking mint tea while overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar. The ferry from Tarifa to Tangier will get you there in no time. 

From booking ferry tickets to knowing which documents to bring, you’ll find the practical information you need in this guide.

Quick Guide

Is Tangier Worth a Visit?

Tangier is truly an extraordinary place to visit. It’s iconically known as the meeting point between the two continents and a gateway to a different world. 

If you have even one day to spare, making the short journey from Tarifa to Tangier is worth it! Experiencing the wonder of this seaport city doesn’t take much effort. Within a few steps of disembarking the ferry, you’re immersed in a bustling city that never seems to stop. 

The historic kasbah and its medina labyrinth, energetic outdoor markets, intimate cafes, and multicultural fusion of cuisine are just some of the things that make Tangier one of a kind.

How to Get From Tarifa to Tangier

The quickest and most efficient way to get to Tangier from Tarifa is by ferry. There is only one route which departs from Tarifa’s port and arrives in Port de Tanger Ville. It’s helpful to know that there are two ferry terminals in Tangier. One is named Port de Tanger Ville (Tangier City Port) and the other is located about 50 km east which is named Tanger Med.

There are two close alternative routes near Tarifa. From Algeciras in Spain, it is possible to take the ferry to Tanger Med. A ferry crossing departing from Gibraltar will also land you at the Tanger Med terminal. These two other options will not get you to Tangier City Port.

It is not possible to fly directly from Tarifa to Tangier. The nearest departing location for taking a plane to Tangier would be from Malaga (Spain), which is 2 hours northeast of Tarifa. The flight time from Malaga to Tangier’s international airport of Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport is 50 minutes. 

This short-haul flight can cost as little as €15 for a one-way ticket. Traveling to Tangier from Tarifa by car is super simple! Nearly every Tangier ferry is car-compatible and not just for foot passengers.

A Travel Guide on Getting to Tangier From Tarifa by Ferry

Whether you’re planning a longer stay or day trip to Tangier, it’s helpful to understand how frequently the Tarifa to Tangier ferry operates. The ferry crossing between the two continents takes place multiple times per day between the different ferry operators. On average, you’ll find direct ferries departing Tarifa every two hours in the mornings and early afternoons. As the day progresses, frequency decreases.

The two most popular ferry operators between Tarifa and Tangier Ville are FRS and Inter Shipping. FRS provides an average of five journeys per day with even up to eight journeys during the summer. FRS ferry prices also tend to be higher. Inter Shipping typically offers four journeys per day, regardless of the season. 

As always, it’s highly recommended to check the ferry operator’s website directly for the Tangier ferry schedule.

How Long Is the Ferry Ride From Tarifa to Tangier?

The ferry crossing from Tarifa to Tangier is only one hour long. For visitors looking to make a day trip to Tangier, the travel time of this route is conveniently short. 

The ferry’s journey crosses the famed Strait of Gibraltar, which at its narrowest points, is only 13 km (8 miles) from the Iberian Peninsula in Spain to Africa’s Morocco. 

A Tarifa to Tangier day trip is particularly common for travelers staying in Algeciras for a holiday in Spain. From Algeciras, it is an easy 25-minute (23 km) drive to the ferry port in Tarifa.

An alternative route for a day trip to Tangier from Spain is the ferry crossing from Algeciras port to Tanger Med. This ferry ride is nearly twice as long (1 hour and 45 minutes) and arrives in Tangier Med port. From Tanger Med to the ancient kasbah, it’s another hour-long drive.

Tarifa to Tangier Ferry Timetable

Whether you’re planning a longer stay or a day trip to Tangier, it’s helpful to understand how frequently the Tarifa to Tangier ferry operates. The ferry crossing between the two continents takes place multiple times per day between different ferry operators. 

On average, you’ll find direct ferries departing Tarifa every two hours in the mornings and early afternoons. As the day progresses, frequency decreases. You may see additional ferry companies pop up when searching for Tangier ferries such as AML, Balearia, and Armas. 

These ferry operators only serve routes to Tanger Med and not Tangier City Port. It’s an important detail to look out for to avoid arriving at the wrong ferry port in Morocco.

How Much Is the Tarifa to Tangier Ferry?

For the current Tarifa to Tangier ferry prices, it’s best to check with the specific ferry operators. Prices can vary based on the time of year, the ferry operator, and the type of ticket (standard,

Is Tangier Worth a Visit?

For a taste of Africa within a stone’s throw from Europe, Tangier is truly an extraordinary place to visit. It’s iconically known as the meeting point between the two continents and a gateway to a different a world. 

If you have even one day to spare, making the short journey from Tarifa to Tangier is worth it! Experiencing the wonder of this seaport city doesn’t take much effort. Within a few steps of disembarking the ferry, you’re immersed in a bustling city that never seems to stop. 

The historic kasbah and its medina labyrinth, energetic outdoor markets, intimate cafes and multicultural fusion of cuisine are just some of the things that make Tangier one of a kind.

How to Get From Tarifa to Tangier

The Quickest and Most Efficient Way to Reach Tangier from Tarifa is by Ferry!

The ferry route from Tarifa’s port to Port de Tanger Ville is the sole and most efficient option. It’s essential to note that Tangier has two ferry terminals: Port de Tanger Ville (Tangier City Port) and Tanger Med, located about 50 km east.

Two close alternative routes from Tarifa are available. From Algeciras in Spain, you can take the ferry to Tanger Med. Another option is a ferry departing from Gibraltar, also landing at the Tanger Med terminal. Both of these alternatives won’t take you to Tangier City Port.

Flying directly from Tarifa to Tangier isn’t possible. The nearest departure point for a flight to Tangier is from Malaga (Spain), located 2 hours northeast of Tarifa. The flight time from Malaga to Tangier’s international airport, Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport, is just 50 minutes. Surprisingly, this short-haul flight can cost as little as €15 for a one-way ticket.

Traveling to Tangier from Tarifa by car is straightforward! Almost every Tangier ferry is car-compatible, catering not only to foot passengers but also to those with vehicles.

A Travel Guide on Getting to Tangier From Tarifa by Ferry

How Long Is the Ferry Ride From Tarifa to Tangier?

Short and Sweet: The Tarifa to Tangier Ferry Ride is Just an Hour!

Embarking on a day trip to Tangier from Tarifa is a breeze with the one-hour ferry crossing. This swift journey is ideal for those aiming to explore Tangier within a day. 

The ferry navigates through the renowned Strait of Gibraltar, which, at its narrowest, spans only 13 km (8 miles) between the Iberian Peninsula in Spain and Morocco’s Africa.

Day-trippers often opt for a Tarifa to Tangier adventure, especially if staying in Algeciras for a Spanish holiday. It’s a quick 25-minute (23 km) drive from Algeciras to the Tarifa ferry port.

For an alternative day trip from Spain to Tangier, consider the ferry route from Algeciras port to Tanger Med. This slightly lengthier ferry ride takes about 1 hour and 45 minutes, arriving at Tangier Med port. From Tanger Med to the ancient kasbah, plan for an additional hour-long drive.

Tarifa to Tangier Ferry Timetable

Ferry Frequency from Tarifa to Tangier: Plan Your Journey with Ease!

Whether you’re embarking on a short day trip or planning an extended stay in Tangier, knowing the ferry schedule is key. The Tarifa to Tangier ferry operates multiple times daily, ensuring convenient travel between the two continents.

Expect frequent direct ferries departing from Tarifa approximately every two hours in the mornings and early afternoons. As the day progresses, the frequency slightly decreases.

Top Ferry Operators: FRS and Inter Shipping are the go-to ferry providers for the Tarifa to Tangier Ville route. FRS stands out with an average of five daily journeys, increasing to up to eight during the summer. While FRS offers quality service, it’s worth noting that their prices may be on the higher side. On the other hand, Inter Shipping consistently provides four journeys daily, regardless of the season.

For accurate and up-to-date information, always check the ferry operator’s official website for the Tangier ferry schedule.

Key Schedules:

[FRS Tangier Ferry Schedule](FRS_schedule_link)

[Inter Shipping Tangier Ferry Schedule](Inter_Shipping_schedule_link)

Watch Out: During your search, you might come across additional ferry companies like AML, Balearia, and Armas. Keep in mind that these operators exclusively serve routes to Tanger Med, not Tangier City Port. Paying attention to this detail ensures you arrive at the correct ferry port in Morocco, enhancing your travel experience.

How Much Is the Tarifa to Tangier Ferry?

Unlocking the Best Ferry Deals: Your Ticket Guide from Tarifa to Tangier

When planning your journey from Tarifa to Tangier, understanding ferry ticket costs is essential. The price you pay can vary based on factors like age, time of year, and whether you’re a foot passenger or bringing a vehicle along.

Ticket Breakdown:

• For foot passengers, a one-way ticket typically ranges from €35 to €40.
• If you’re an adult passenger traveling with a standard vehicle, anticipate a one-way ticket costing between €160 and €230.
• Two adults with a vehicle can expect to pay around €200 to €250 for a one-way ticket.

Smart Savings Tip: Booking a roundtrip ticket in advance is a savvy move, often leading to a 10% or more discount on the total ticket price. Savings that make your travel budget go further!

Where to Book:

1. Omio for Options: To explore multiple ticket choices simultaneously, kick off your search with Omio. This platform provides a comprehensive view of available ferry options, streamlining your decision-making process.

2. Direct from Operators: For a more direct approach, consider purchasing your tickets online from the official websites of ferry operators like FRS and Inter Shipping. This ensures you get firsthand information and potentially exclusive deals.

Remember, ferry prices can be as dynamic as flight costs, so shopping around and booking strategically can lead to significant savings. Happy travels from Tarifa to Tangier! 🚢✨

Frequently Asked Questions

Do You Have to Book Your Ferry Ticket In Advance?

Seamless Travel Planning: To Book or Not to Book Your Tarifa to Tangier Ferry Ticket in Advance?

While it’s not a strict requirement to pre-book your ferry ticket from Tarifa to Tangier, making advance arrangements comes with some noteworthy perks. Here’s a breakdown to help you decide:

Advantages of Booking in Advance:

1. Secure Your Spot: Purchasing your ticket ahead ensures a guaranteed spot on your preferred ferry, minimizing uncertainties about availability, especially during peak travel times.

2. Preferred Departure Time: Booking in advance allows you to choose the departure time that best suits your schedule, avoiding potential delays or inconvenience.

3. Driving? Reserve Your Space: For travelers with vehicles, securing a reservation in advance is crucial. While there’s ample room for passengers, vehicle space is limited. A reservation ensures your car makes the journey seamlessly.

Portside Risks of Waiting:

– Limited Availability: Purchasing tickets at the port may pose a risk, especially if you have a specific departure time in mind. Limited availability could affect your travel plans.

– Vehicle Space Constraints: If you’re bringing your car, waiting until you reach the port may result in limited vehicle space. Guarantee your spot by reserving in advance.

Top Tip for Drivers: If you’re traveling with a vehicle, it’s highly advisable not to wait until arriving at the port. Limited vehicle space means reservations are a practical necessity.

In summary, while spontaneous adventures have their charm, pre-booking your ferry ticket offers a smoother and more tailored travel experience. Enjoy the journey from Tarifa to Tangier! 

What Documents Are Required to Travel From Tarifa to Tangier?

Crossing to Morocco: Essential Documents and Tips for a Smooth Journey from Spain

Embarking on a journey from Spain to Morocco via the Tarifa ferry is refreshingly straightforward. Here’s a quick guide to ensure your travel essentials are in order:

1. Passport and Validity:

• Requirement: A valid passport is a must, ensuring it remains valid for at least the next six months.
• Empty Passport Page: Ensure there’s an empty page for the border crossing stamp.

2. Additional Residency Documents:

• Residency Status: If applicable, bring supporting documents for your permanent or temporary residency status.

3. Proof of Accommodation:

• Booking Confirmation: Demonstrate proof of accommodation by having a confirmed booking for your stay in Morocco.

4. Return Ticket (Technically Required):

• Pre-booked Return Ticket: While technically required, having a pre-booked return ticket is advisable. If your itinerary is flexible, be prepared to address any inquiries from authorities.

Tips for a Smooth Transition:

• Organize Documents: Keep your documents well-organized in a secure folder for easy access.
• Loose Itinerary Consideration: If your travel plans are flexible, be prepared to provide information and assurance regarding your departure plans.

Ensuring you have these essentials in order will contribute to a hassle-free and enjoyable journey to vibrant Morocco. Safe travels! 

Are Pets Allowed on the Tangier Ferry?

Pet-Friendly Adventure: Bringing Your Furry Friend on the Tarifa to Tangier Ferry

Embarking on a ferry journey from Tarifa to Tangier and reluctant to leave your furry companion behind? Good news! The Tarifa ferry is indeed pet-friendly, offering you the opportunity to travel alongside your four-legged friend. Here’s a quick guide to make it a smooth sailing experience:

1. Adhering to Ferry Operator Rules:

• Ensure you are familiar with and follow the ferry operator’s regulations for traveling with pets.
• This may include using a muzzle or utilizing a designated kennel area on the ferry.

2. Car Accommodation for Dogs:

• Since the ferry ride is relatively short, it’s possible to leave your dog in the car.
• 3. Preparing a Pet Passport:
• It is strongly recommended to have a pet passport ready for your dog.
• This may include a vaccination card, official animal ID, or a certificate of good health.
• Obtain these documents at a veterinarian office in Spain before departure if not already prepared.

4. Passenger Limit for Pets:

• Be aware that there might be a limit, typically around 4 or 5 pets per passenger, depending on the ferry company.

Tips for a Pawsitively Pleasant Journey:

• Preparation is Key: Ensure your dog is comfortable with the travel arrangements and surroundings.
• Familiarize with Regulations: Familiarize yourself with specific pet regulations of the ferry operator.

With a little preparation and understanding of the rules, you and your canine companion are all set for a delightful ferry adventure. Bon voyage to you and your furry co-traveler! 

Do You Need a Visa to Enter Morocco From Spain?

Visa-Free Voyage: Hassle-Free Entry to Morocco

Great news for travelers planning a visit to Morocco! For trips lasting less than 3 months (or 90 days), citizens from the U.S., Canada, Australia, UK, and EU enjoy visa-free entry. Here’s a brief guide to make your entry process as smooth as the ferry ride:

1. Visa Exemption:

• No temporary tourist visa is required for the specified duration of your visit.

2. Quick Processing Aboard the Ferry:

• Upon boarding the ferry, there’s a brief processing procedure.
• Simply join the queue for the border crossing officer to stamp your passport.

3. Required Documents:

• Ensure your passport is valid for the entire duration of your stay and has an empty page for the entry stamp.
• Check and organize any additional documents supporting your permanent or temporary residency situation.
• Have proof of accommodation in Morocco, and it’s technically recommended to have a return ticket.

4. Seamless and Convenient:

• The entire entry process is designed to be straightforward, convenient, and efficiently managed during the ferry ride.

Traveler’s Tip:

• While you don’t need anything upfront, having your documents in order as per the previous section ensures a hassle-free entry experience.

Embark on your journey to Morocco with the confidence of a straightforward entry process. Enjoy your time exploring this vibrant destination! 

Can You Take a Rental Car on the Ferry?

Taking Your Rental Car to Tangier? Check with Your Rental Company First!

Planning to bring your rented car from Spain to Tangier? It’s crucial to clarify this with your rental car company. Here’s what you need to know:

1. Check Rental Company Policies:

• Inquire with your rental car company about their policy on taking the car into Africa.
• Ensure you have the necessary rights and permissions for cross-border travel.

2. Obtain Necessary Documents:

• If allowed, your rental company will issue specific documents as proof of permission.

3. Most Companies Restrict Entry:

• Unfortunately, the majority of rental car companies do not permit taking cars from Spain to Africa.
• It’s advisable to inquire about this possibility during the rental process.

4. Common Scenario: Leave Car in Tarifa:

• Most travelers opt to leave their rental cars in Tarifa and take the ferry as foot passengers.
• An alternative is to explore local car rental options upon arrival at Tangier City Port.

Traveler’s Insight:

• Ensure you have clarity on rental company policies to avoid any complications during your journey.

While taking your rental car to Tangier may pose challenges, there are convenient alternatives available. Plan wisely and enjoy a seamless travel experience! 

Where Can You Leave a Rental Car During Your Tangier Trip?

Leaving Your Car in Tarifa: Hassle-Free Parking Tips

If you’re not taking your car on the Tangier ferry, parking in Tarifa is a breeze. Here’s what you need to know:

1. Designated Parking Lot:

• Near the ferry port in Tarifa, there’s a designated parking lot for short or long-term stays.
• Keep in mind it’s a small lot and fills up quickly, so have alternatives in mind.

2. Street Parking Options:

• Explore street parking around the port area, offering a mix of both paid and free spaces.
• Drive around to find a suitable spot, especially if your stay in Tangier exceeds a couple of days.

3. Mind Local Regulations:

• Watch for “no parking” signs and adhere to local regulations.
• Feel free to ask locals about permissible parking spots; they’re usually helpful.

4. Personal Experience:

• Based on personal experience, leaving a rental car in a neighboring street yielded a hassle-free return.

Ensure a worry-free journey by planning your parking ahead. Whether using the designated lot or opting for street parking, a little preparation goes a long way! 🚗🅿️🌍

Arriving in Tangier

Arriving in Tangier: Your Quick Guide

Embarking on a short but transformative one-hour ferry ride from Tarifa to Tangier? Here’s a brief heads-up for a seamless arrival:

1. Cross-Country Transition:

• In just one hour, you’ll step from Tarifa into Tangier, transitioning between countries and continents.

2. Arrival Preparedness:

• Be ready for the change by acquainting yourself with a few key details before setting foot in Tangier.

3. Quick Tips for a Smooth Arrival:

• Language: Arabic and French are widely spoken, but you’ll find English understood in tourist areas.
• Currency: Moroccan Dirham (MAD) is the local currency; ensure you have some for initial expenses.
• Local Customs: Respect local customs and traditions, contributing to a positive travel experience.
• Transportation: Arrange your transportation in advance or explore local options for convenience.

4. Embrace the Experience:

• Enjoy the uniqueness of Tangier, appreciating the blend of cultures and the vibrant atmosphere.

Prepare for a delightful adventure as you step into the enchanting realm of Tangier! 🇲🇦🌍✨

Transportation

Navigating Tangier: Your Travel Tips

Embarking on your Tangier adventure and wondering about getting around? Here’s a quick guide:

1. Walk Smart, Stay Near:

– Opt for accommodation within a 15-minute walk from the port for ease, especially if your stay doesn’t provide transport.

2. Taxi Tactics:

• Taxis are a cost-effective choice. Solo taxis are private, while shared ones are more affordable but require clear communication on fares and directions.

3. Taxi Tips:

• Solo Taxi: Private ride for you or your group.
• Shared Taxi: Cost-effective but involves coordination with other passengers.

4. Hotel Pickup:

• If your accommodation offers port pickup, consider it for convenience, usually at a reasonable fee.

5. Public Buses – Not the Best Bet:

• Buses may seem intimidating with outdated schedules and Arabic signage. Unless guided by locals or your accommodation, taxis are more traveler-friendly.

Navigate Tangier wisely, and let the adventure unfold seamlessly! 

Language

Language Tips for Tangier Travelers

Heading to Tangier? Here’s a quick language guide to enhance your experience:

1. Official Languages:

• Arabic and various Arabic dialects are the official languages.
• French is widely spoken, understood by over half of the population.

2. Language Effort:

• While Arabic might seem challenging, learning a few basic phrases is a nice touch.
• French phrases go a long way, and locals appreciate the effort.

3. Handy Phrases:

Arabic:

• Hello: As-salamu alaykum (السلام عليكم)
• Thank you: Shukran (شكراً)
• Goodbye: Ma’a as-salama (مع السلامة)
• French:
• Hello: Bonjour
• Thank you: Merci
• Goodbye: Au revoir

A little language effort can open up a world of connections in Tangier! 🗣️🌍

Read Also: Putignano: Puglia’s Best Kept Secret

Greeters

Navigating Greeters in Tangier: Tips for Travelers

Upon arriving in Tangier, you’ll encounter enthusiastic greeters offering various services. Here are essential tips to navigate these interactions:

1. Transport Offers:

Negotiate Price Upfront:

• When accepting rides, agree on the fare before starting your journey to avoid scams or overcharging.
• Be firm about the agreed-upon price to prevent any misunderstandings.

2. Tour and Guide Offers:

Use Reputable Services:

• Opt for tours or guides recommended by your hotel or reputable services.
• Avoid deals that demand cash upfront; legitimate services typically have secure payment options.

Politely Decline Persistent Offers:

• Greeters can be persuasive; politely decline offers that seem persistent.
• Stick to your decisions and avoid giving reasons for unnecessary demands.

3. General Rule of Thumb:

Independent Negotiations:

• Handle your belongings during negotiations to prevent expectations of additional tips.
• Keep interactions clear and avoid situations that might lead to unexpected requests for money.

Stay savvy and enjoy your time in Tangier! 🇲🇦🌍

Where to Stay In Tangier

Top Accommodations in Tangier for Every Budget and Preference:

1. Dar Sami, Riad Bab Kasbah – Best Budget Stay:

• Discover affordable comfort at Dar Sami, offering a budget-friendly escape in the heart of Riad Bab Kasbah.

2. Kasbah Rose – Best Mid-Range Stay:

• Enjoy a perfect blend of value and comfort at Kasbah Rose, your ideal mid-range accommodation choice in Tangier.

3. Riad Dar Saba – Best Luxury Stay:

• Indulge in luxury at Riad Dar Saba, where opulence meets tradition, providing an exquisite stay for those seeking the finest experiences.

4. Dar Marshan – Best Stay for Large Groups:

• For large groups, Dar Marshan stands out, offering spacious accommodations and a welcoming atmosphere for an unforgettable group stay.

5. Apartment in the Center of Tangier – Best Apartment Stay:

• Experience the convenience of a central location with the Apartment in the Center of Tangier, the perfect choice for those desiring a home-like setting.

6. El Minzah Hotel – Best Full-Service Hotel:

• Elevate your stay at El Minzah Hotel, the epitome of full-service excellence, providing a comprehensive and luxurious hospitality experience.

Choose the accommodation that suits your preferences and make your stay in Tangier truly memorable! 

Travel Resources for Visiting Tangier

Smart Travel Choices for a Seamless Journey:

1. Travel Insurance – EKTA or VisitorsCoverage:

• Safeguard your adventures with reliable travel insurance. Choose between EKTA and VisitorsCoverage for comprehensive coverage and peace of mind.

2. Car Rentals – Rentalcars.com or Discover Cars:

• Hit the road hassle-free. Compare and select your preferred wheels from top providers like Rentalcars.com or Discover Cars for a smooth car rental experience.

3. Flights – CheapOair or Agoda:

• Soar to new heights with the best flight deals. Whether it’s CheapOair or Agoda, find and book your flights effortlessly for an exciting journey.

4. Accommodation – Booking.com, Hostelworld or Trivago:

• Rest easy in your home away from home. From hotels to hostels, explore options on Booking.com, Hostelworld, or Trivago to find accommodations tailored to your needs.

5. eSIM/Cell Phone Data – Airalo:

• Stay connected on the go with Airalo. Simplify your travel experience by securing an eSIM for convenient and affordable cell phone data worldwide.

6. Booking Activities – GetYourGuide or Viator:

• Enhance your itinerary with exciting tours and activities. Whether it’s GetYourGuide or Viator, discover and book unforgettable experiences at your destination.

Make these savvy choices, and let your journey unfold seamlessly! 

FAQs

Which ferry is best from Tarifa to Tangier?

The choice of ferry largely depends on your preferences and schedule. Some popular ferry operators on this route include FRS, Inter Shipping, and Baleària.

How much does the ferry from Tarifa to Tangier cost?

Ferry ticket prices can vary depending on the ferry operator, time of booking, and cabin class. Generally, prices range from €30 to €60 for a one-way trip.

Are ferries running from Tarifa to Tangier?

Yes, there are regular ferry services operating between Tarifa and Tangier. However, it’s advisable to check the schedule in advance as timings may vary seasonally.

How do I cross from Tarifa to Tangier?

To cross from Tarifa to Tangier, you’ll need to take a ferry from Tarifa Port. Ferries depart regularly throughout the day, and the journey usually takes around 1 hour. Passengers are required to present valid identification and follow the instructions of the ferry staff during boarding and disembarkation.